Health Assessment - 1302 Words

Health Assessment Physical Assessment Documentation Form Date: __3/1/16________ Patient Information Patient Initials BR Age 30 Sex Female General Survey Does patient appear to be their stated age? Yes Level of consciousness Alert and Oriented to person, place and time. Skin color Pinkish tan Nutritional status Well nourished Posture and position Good posture, sitting upright Obvious physical deformities None noted Mobility: gait, use of assistive devices, ROM of joints, no involuntary movement Steady gait, no assistive devices, no involuntary movement Facial expression Symmetrical Mood and affect appears to be in good mood Speech: articulation, pattern, content and appropriate, native†¦show more content†¦Soft palate pink and smooth. Tonsils Tonsils not present Uvula (cranial nerves IX, X) Uvula rises midline on phonation Tongue (cranial nerve XII) Symmetric, protrudes midline Neck Symmetry, lumps, and pulsations Symmetric, no masses, tenderness. Cervical lymph nodes Soft, non-tender. Carotid pulse (bruits if indicated) 2+ and equal bilaterally. No bruits. Trachea Midline ROM Full ROM Thyroid gland non-palpable, non-tender. Chest and Lungs: Posterior and Lateral Thoracic cage configuration †¢ Skin characteristics †¢ Symmetric expansion †¢ Tactile fremitus †¢ Lumps or tenderness Pinkish Tan, warm APlt;transverse diameter Symmetrical Equal bilaterally None, No tenderness Spinous process Normal spinal profile, no scoliosis Percussion over lung fields Lung fields resonant CVA tenderness No tenderness Breath sounds Clear, equal bilaterally Adventitious sounds none Chest and Lungs: Anterior Respirations and skin characteristics Normal, Pinkish tan warm, no lesions. Tactile fremitus, lumps, and tenderness Equal bilaterally, no lumps tenderness Percuss lung fields Lung fields resonant Breath sounds Clear in all lobes bilaterally Heart Precordium: pulsations and heave No abnormal pulsation, no heaves Apical impulse (PMI) Apical pulse at 5th ICS in left MCL Precordium and thrills no thrills Apical rate and rhythm 62 bpm , regular rhythm Heart sounds S1- S2Show MoreRelatedAssessment Of A Nursing Health Assessment1895 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is assessment? Assessment in nursing has been influenced by the problem-solving framework of the nursing process and nursing models. Assessment of need is fundamental to the care process and has received much attention in correspondence to the establishment of eligibility criteria for long-term care (RCN, 2004). A health assessment not only comprises of gathering health information about a patient, but also analyzing and synthesizing the information, and evaluating the effectiveness of nursingRead MoreThe Knowledge And Understanding Of Health Assessments1075 Words   |  5 PagesThe knowledge and understanding of health assessments are essential to a nurse’s role in promoting health, preventing illness, and caring for others. Health assessments are conducted every day in nursing and other health profession. This essay aims to discuss the importance of understanding the purpose of conducting a health assessment, considering how a health assessment might be conducted differently on the settin g and age of the patient or client and further develop the written communication skillsRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1252 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment A family health assessment is an important tool in formulating a health care plan for a family. This paper will discuss the nurse’s role in family assessment and how this task is performed. A nurse has an important role in health promotion. To perform these tasks the author has chosen a nuclear family. By the use of family focused open ended questions, 11 functional health patterns were covered. This principle is known as the Gordon’s functional health patterns.Read MoreThe Assessment Of A Health Needs Assessment1612 Words   |  7 PagesA health needs assessment is the methodical technique used to assure that the health service is utilizing its assets to better the health of the population in the most logical way. These assessments use epidemiological, subjective, and provisional procedures to report health issues of a specific population; recognize inconsistencies in well-being and admittance to provisions; and establish primacies for the most successful utili zation of assets (Wright, Williams, Wilkinson, 1998). The health needsRead MoreHealth Assessment Of Families And Their Health1399 Words   |  6 PagesHealth is directly related to the activities in which we participate in, the food we eat, and the substances to which we are exposed to daily. Where we live and work, our gender, age, and genetic makeup also impact our health. (Nies, 2011) Assessments of family’s health are to help focus on the control and prevention of diseases. Health assessment assist in determining an individual’s perception of their quality of life along with the family’s perception as a whole. This also helps to define a person’sRead MoreFamily Health Assessment : Family Assessment Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Health Assessment Family is so important in the society and it is a blessing from God. Healthy behaviors learn from within the family and family member’s stimulus one to each other with health promotion practices. There fore, the health behaviors are very essential in the family assessment and which notifies health-promotion and disease-prevention. Within families, members will be the first one to learn about to promoting health. Families have impact on children’s lifestyle choices. The AmericanRead MoreFamily Health Assessment1196 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: FAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMEN Family Health Assessment Open-Minded, Family Focused Questions: I interviewed my dad on all11 Functional Health Patters. Values, health perception: 1. Do you have any past medical history like surgery or chronic illness? 2. Do you use tobacco, alcohol or drugs? 3. Are you taking any prescription/nonprescription medications? 4. What religion are you? 5. Is there any religious restrictions or practices? Nutrition: 1. Are you in any kind of dietRead MoreFamily Health Assessment2074 Words   |  9 PagesFAMILY HEALTH ASSESSMENT Family Health Assessment Thresiamma John Grand Canyon University Family-Centered Health Promotion NRS-429V Stout, Kimberly March 11 2012 Family Health Assessment Introduction A comprehensive family assessment provides a foundation to promote family health (Edelman Mandle, 2011). 1987 Marjorie Gordon purposed 11 functional health patterns to use for guidance in order to facilitate nurses to have a frame work for the family assessment in. Gordon’sRead MoreAssessment Of Mental Health Counseling1268 Words   |  6 PagesAssessment in Mental Health Counseling The day that we come into the world, we start to develop pieces of a personal puzzle that throughout the rest of our lives we attempt to â€Å"fit† into our individual and unique puzzle. As time progresses, we seem to find that some of the pieces may â€Å"fit† very well into place, but we also find that some of the pieces are hard to â€Å"fit† into place, even when we try to force the piece in its place. In fact, some may say that when we try to force pieces into our personalRead MorePersonal Health Assessment3441 Words   |  14 PagesPersonal Health Assessment and Health Promotion Plan Abstract The purpose of this assignment is to gain a greater understanding of the health promotion concepts through self reflection. I plan to do this by identifying three self-assessment tools; a food journal, exercise log and sleep log, along with providing rationale for the chosen instruments. I will also address the Transtheoretical Model (TM), which stages I have gone through and which stage I am currently in. These tools and stages

Socrates Cross Examination Of Euthyphro s Beliefs On...

Socrates’ cross examination of Euthyphro’s beliefs on what constitutes as pious and impious explicates the the argument, â€Å"is the pious loved by the gods because it is pious, or is it pious because it is loved by the gods?†. In demonstrating how this aligns as a real dilemma for Euthyphro in that the gods are not the source of morality, and how it is a false dilemma for Socrates because he believes morality to be ambiguous, would be to further analyze the question in where morality stems from. In this paper, I will be analyzing the five points of piety that is exemplified and how these come into effect as the crux of the dilemma that is presented in the dialogue. Socrates implements the Elenchus method as a means to disentangle the flaws in Euthyphro’s beliefs of what constitutes as pious and impious. It is shown that it progressively becomes more evident with each inquiry that Euthyphro’s understanding is in actuality very convoluted as he can only provide examples of piety, and not its true definition. This is the first point of the definitions of piety. Euthyphro explains that it is through the act of prosecuting his father for murder that serves as a pious act. Disregarding the familial bond, Euthyphro believes that convicting a wrongdoer for a crime is pious. However, Socrates refutes this by stating that it is simply offering a circumstance of piety, and not its core meaning. The second definition of piety comes the notion, â€Å"what is dear to the gods is pious, what is

Confucius and Plato Free Essays

Confucius and Plato Editor Ken Wolf, at the beginning of the essay Confucius and Plato: A Few Really Good People, poses the question: â€Å"What is the best way to create a strong society? † (Wolf 25) It was surprising to a novice student of philosophy how similar the ideas of the ancient Chinese sage Confucius and famous Greek philosopher Plato were. Although, Confucius and Plato both made major contributions to the development of society, they showed both similarities and differences in these three subjects: ruling class, education, and faith in humanity. Confucius and Plato both believed virtue and intelligence were key components to creating a strong society. We will write a custom essay sample on Confucius and Plato or any similar topic only for you Order Now Confucius thought anyone who has been educated had the capability to develop into a ruler. Whereas Plato assumed anyone could be educated, but only a few, those in the ruling class had the ability to reason and thus were qualified to rule. In addition, Plato gave credence to the idea of being born into the ruling class, that the quality to reason was an inherited quality. Confucius and Plato were both strong believers that order was another main factor in a strong society. Although they both had laws to maintain the order, Plato had less faith in people in general to behave in a civilized manner. Both Confucius and Plato were in favor of education and were teachers themselves. Confucius’s followers were the ones who wrote the Analects, which talked about how civilization depends on â€Å"humanity† and â€Å"propriety†. Plato actually wrote The Republic which talked about his ideal â€Å"philosopher-king†. Plato established the Academy, which taught principles of ethics and government, for 900 years. Confucius attempted to teach the ruler to become a better person, but failed. The concepts put forth by Confucius and Plato begin to differ more when faith in humanity comes into play. Confucius and Plato both wanted to think there was good in everyone, but Confucius believed more in a â€Å"†¦society in which human relationships—especially those within the family—were more important than laws. † (Wolf 27) Plato concluded that the people needed to be controlled for there to be order. That control was maintained through the law. They both sought out peace and harmony, although Confucius focused more on the behavior of individuals and Plato was interested in universal truth even though it probably would not be accepted,. Plato felt that if a person tried to bring enlightenment to the masses â€Å"†¦they would probably try to kill to him for telling such tall tales, disrupting their lives and challenging their accustomed beliefs. † (Wolf 31) Even today, most people would agree with Confucius and Plato about the importance of educating people in the development of a strong society. The idea of relationships as the basis of society may be summed up in: â€Å"Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. This Golden Rule seems to be as important to Western society as it was to Chinese society. However, the idea of a better quality of citizen that is better suited to lead society smacks of elitism and would definitely not be accepted in modern democracies. However, that does not mean that the elite educated class from Harvard and Yale has not been overrepresented in American leadership. So perhaps we have a ruling elite, but not as overt as Plato would like. A final thought from the essa y would be: a harmonious and orderly existence is important to all societies. How to cite Confucius and Plato, Essay examples

Women and traditional roles in girl interupted Essay Example For Students

Women and traditional roles in girl interupted Essay Films tell us stories and present us with values and messages about our society and what needs to be changed. In the film Girl, Interrupted, Susannas struggle with self-discovery and her fight to find a place in society illustrates the view that the women who do not fit into traditional roles should be ostracised from mainstream society given that they pose the threat of change. It is clear that women like Susanna, who have little ambition in becoming a carbon copy of their mother, are seen as a threat and therefore classified as crazy. Susanna is clearly misunderstood by her peers as well as the authority figures in her life. She is not a degenerate but a young girl frustrated with her limited options for the future. When Susanna is held after class by her teacher to discuss why she is the only senior not going on to college, she tries to reach out for support from her teacher by explaining that shes not a druggie but she is concerned about ending up like her mother. The teacher doe s not hear this and claims that there are more options for women today. Susanna is trying to open up and seek some guidance, but the only solution she gets is that she gets is to start acting like everyone else. This scene reveals how secluded and trapped Susanna feels, nobody seems to understand her even her parents dont know what to do with her. The people she is reaching out to, brush off her ambitions of being an artist, as something to do in her spare time, and place social pressure on her to do what is expected. Even her peers expect more from her; at the after-grade party the boy that is trying to pick her up is talking about his scholarship and future, but this does not impress Susanna. He sees this as strange and is willing to believe her when she jokes about joining the Krishnas because she seems to have no plan for the future. This scene demonstrates that Susanna is also faced with peer-pressure. Susanna is not attracted to the status quo; the fact that this guy is basica lly doing the same thing as everybody else is tiresome and uninviting. Her peers do not accept her because she is unlike them and crazy for having no interest in her future. Being institutionalised at Claymore, Susanna is faced once again with the choice of conforming or being labelled as insane because she is different. The definition of normal is set in stone; according to the institution, any one who does not act or react according to the text book definition is crazy. When Susanna is being shipped off to Claymore she gets a Taxi driver who asks her what she did to be going to an asylum. She tries to explain but the only answer she can give is that she is sad, he claims that everybody gets sad. She goes on to say that she smoked a little weed, he says that if thats so then they should put Bob Dylan away, Susanna answers that she is not Bob Dylan. This examines the fact that Susanna doesnt think she is crazy she is merrily a girl who has no choice but to do as they say. She thinks that she is different from the people who surround her, but the world is a bigger place. At Claymore she learns that the more you open up to the doctor the better her chances of being released. This is where Susanna has to decide if she should do what is expected or not. Val influences her to ride the system out and not to get trapped in Claymore like Lisa, she tells Susanna that she does not think she is crazy. Val sees Susanna as lost which she is, the fact that at least one authority figure is willing to understand, her encourages Susanna to break free of the system she is trapped under. .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c , .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c .postImageUrl , .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c , .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c:hover , .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c:visited , .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c:active { border:0!important; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c:active , .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueb25d0e51831d202d5a74e0d9859825c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Personality Analysis : Narayana Murthy Essay Closed windows are a running theme throughout the film they symbolise Susannas closed window of opportunity; she can see out them but cannot reach trough them. Susanna is not stupid she knows that there is more to the world than her sheltered suburban life, she can see out the window but she feels trapped an locked into the life style set up for her. When the doctor is telling Susanna that her parents do not know what to do with her, she is looking out the window at her mother and says what the hell is my mother doing! This portrays to what extent Susanna cant related to her mother she is trapped behind an invisible force she cant reach through to seek the opportunity to relate to her mother , they do not understand each other. They live on separate sides of opinion, the fact that her mother could not even tell Susanna herself of the plan to send her to Claymore shows how divided they are. Another example of Susanna being trapped behind a window is when Lisa is being brought in for t he first time. Lisa is Susannas alter-ego, she is free and does as she feel well Susanna is trapped on the inside not knowing how to get free. Lisa does not want to conform to the way of the system, she fights it this is why she is on the other side. Susanna wants to be free but she is grounded enough not to go to the same extremes as Lisa. Susannas struggle for self-discovery showed her the thin line between crazy and normal it helped her discover that the world is a big place and that judging others when so little is known about them is not the answer. Because she was institutionalised, she has the chance to discover who she really is and what the world has to over her. Bibliography:

Saving Energy Dollars while Providing an Optimal Learning Environment

How to Use Dashes

How to Use Dashes How to Use Dashes How to Use Dashes By Jacquelyn Landis Writers have three different dashes at their disposal: the hyphen, the en dash, and the em dash. Most of us are familiar with hyphens and their uses. They’re used to form compound modifiers (such as in â€Å"a well-attended event†). We also use them to break a word that falls at the end of a line. This usage is becoming less common, however, because word processing and layout software programs typically have automatic end-of-line hyphenation features. En and em dashes are less understood. The en dash is the width of a capital N (hence, its name). It’s used to indicate a range, as in the following examples: For your homework, please read pages 162–195. The meeting will be on Thursday, 4:00 p.m.–6:00 p.m. The artist’s blue period, 1948–1952, was his most productive. En dashes are also used to connect a prefix with an open compound: post–World War II ex–vice president The reason for using an en dash with such compounds is to send a subtle signal to the reader that the prefix belongs to the entire compound, not just the first word of it. Em dashes are the width of (you guessed it) a capital M. Most often, they’re used in pairs to emphasize an element or elements within a sentence: Cruciferous vegetables- broccoli, cabbage, and cauliflower, for instance- are said to lower the risk of cancer. Em dashes can also show an abrupt change in thought: I thought I had time- more than enough time- to catch the train. Or they can show interrupted dialogue: â€Å"I told you I can’t- † â€Å"You mean you won’t, not can’t,† she said. Many writers use a double hyphen in place of an em dash, and you might have noticed that your word processor sometimes will automatically turn them into an em dash. Most word processors have shortcuts for creating en and em dashes. It would be worth your while to search your help menu to find out what they are. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Yours faithfully or Yours sincerely?Taser or Tazer? Tazing or Tasering?40 Synonyms for Praise

Careers in Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Careers in Accounting - Essay Example Income Tax Act and the Companies Act have laid down certain requirements on business organizations to put forward annual financial statements. These financial statements have to be prepared as per GAAP standards. The recording of accounts of a business using the double entry system of book keeping is done in a general ledger, which is also known as the nominal ledger. This is the principal book of entry and it includes accounts for items like current assets, fixed assets, liabilities, revenue and expense items, gains and losses. Collected group of accounts supporting the items displayed in the main financial statement is shown in the general ledger. The transactions are recorded in the general ledger directly from the sales daybook, purchases daybook, cash book and general journals daybook. This ledger is generally supported by one or more subsidiary ledgers which give the details of the accounts posted. For instance an accounts receivable subsidiary ledger would give the information for every credit customer so that the balance in the customer's accounts can be easily tracked. The subsidiary ledger is then totaled and compared with the controlling account which is the accounts receivable in this case. This ensures accuracy and it is a part of the process of preparing a trial balance. (Professor Cram, 2008). The general ledger helps in deriving the balance sheet and ... Each and every account in the general ledger may consist of one or more than one pages. Posting in general terms is the process of recording the credits and the debits in the general ledger. Also a column will display the running activity total (Professor Cram, 2008). Example of a general ledger entry: The above is the 'T' form of a general ledger. What is a Sales Ledger A salesledger incorporates the personal accounts of clients who have some sort of sales made on credit by the business. They are known as debtors. A sales ledger records information with regard to invoices issued, credit notes issued and payments received. As customers is the life-blood of any business it becomes a necessity for a business to main a sales ledger efficiently and accurately. What is a Purchase ledger A purchase ledger of any business contains the personal accounts of suppliers from whom the business has purchased on credit. Information with regard to invoices received, credit notes received and payments sent are recorded in this book. A purchase ledger invariably records all purchases made by a business. It supervises: The outgoings of a business. The amount owed to others by a business at any one time Theoretical need for these skills: Financial statements offer a synopsis of the financial condition of any business at any given time both in short and long term. All the related financial information of a business which is presented in a prepared manner and in a form easy to comprehend is known as the financial statements. The four basic financial statements are: 1. Balance sheet: shows the financial position or condition and reports on a company's assets, liabilities, and net equity at any given point of time. 2. Income statement: is the Profit and

Topical Analysis of Hamlet and Henry IV part 1 Essay

Topical Analysis of Hamlet and Henry IV part 1 - Essay Example In the times when all these topics were impossible to write on Shakespeare made a great move and wrote on these topics with immense care. This essay would further describe how Shakespeare used all these topics in these times with his skills so that these topics became acceptable not only on the page but also on the stage. Henry IV Part I is a story about a King and his rebellions. It revolves around the greed for the kingdom and the betrayal of king. King Henry leads the story as the king but soon faces problems at the hands of the people because of whom he has reached the throne. King Henry is not content with the actions of his son Prince Harry who is more diverted towards the materialistic world. Prince Harry not only does involve in drinking but he also makes friends with liars and burglars. This creates a gap of misunderstanding between the King and the Prince. However the change in the plot takes place when one of the loyal noblemen of the King betrays him and shows his greed for the attainment of the throne of King Henry. Hotspur is the name of the character that betrays the King and forces a civil war to pertain in his kingdom. Furthermore, he also gathers allies in order to fight the army of the King and defeat him, but it is later known that most of his allies refuse to take part in the war . Seeing the situation of a civil war in the state King Henry calls upon his son to fight in the battle. Prince Harry comes back to the throne only to fight and win the war for his father. Hotspur is defeated by the army of King Henry with the help of his son and both the father and son get back on good terms. In this sequel Shakespeare tells about the greed one has for the throne and the inner conflicts which a kingdom can face. However in those times it was impossible to point out at the royal kingdom and the greed which people have for the throne. But this

Economics DD202B-1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Economics DD202B-1 - Essay Example Every other economic variable gave up simultaneously as is obvious from the next graph that depicts the trends taken by the rate of unemployment and that of inflation. While the rate of unemployment had reached a peak during 1933 when it equalled 25.2%, the rate of inflation as measured by the GDP deflator had been -11.46% in 1932. Hence, the economy at that point of time was suffering from a heavy recession. In fact, such was the vigour of the crisis that the monetarists could not inject liquidity into the nation even through lowering the rate of interest, supposed to discourage deposits and encourage loans. People around the economy had lost their trust in its fundamentals and wanted to hold back whatever they could, so that aggregate demand was low. A low aggregate demand triggered a low aggregate supply and thus, equilibrium output production was low as well. The national government in their attempt to correct the scenario, restricted international trade and adopted a protectioni st policy, which deteriorated the problem further. It was when every school of economics had failed to correct the impact of Great Depression that the Keynesian school of economics came to as the rescuer. John Maynard Keynes ruled out the prevailing classical concepts of economic growth. Instead he stressed upon spending of more money. He instructed the national government to open up to international trade and hence, stimulate aggregate demand and supply. Moreover, he also suggested the administration to invest heftily into the economy even if that amounted to incurring deficits. Moreover, the rate of employment must be at its maximum achievable point so that people start earning and hence are instigated towards more spending (Barro, 2008, p. 405). This strategy introduced by Keynes came to be known in macroeconomics as the Keynesian school of

Special Educational Needs (SEN) Child Rights

Special Educational Needs (SEN) Child Rights Assignment one Discrimination of others can occur for a number of reasons, and to a number of different people. Individuals may be discriminated against obviously and deliberately, known as direct discrimination. People can also be discriminated against indirectly. Indirect discrimination comes about when specific actions or practices meant for all are inadequate for an individual, which can then cause discouraging effects (Equality law, no date). Children and adults with special educational needs (SEN) may be subject to discrimination as a result of their additional needs. Due to this, there are regulations, legislation and laws put in place to safeguard and protect individuals with SEN. Laws and legislation have moved forward and adapted over time to facilitate those concerned. One Act that became a turning point for children with SEN was the 1981 Education Act. Prior to this Mary Warnock published a report regarding mainstream and special schools and the education of children with SEN within them. Some of her recommendations became part of the 1981 Education Act, one of which being that children diagnosed with additional needs should be educated where and when it is appropriate within a mainstream setting, and so integration began. Integration then led to inclusion with several Acts and pieces of legislation following, for example, 1995 Disability Discrimination Act, 1997 Green Paper: Excellence for All Children and 2001 The Code of Practice for Special Educational Needs (Gibson and Blandford, 2005). Another piece of documentation is the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC); this gives rights to all children, additional need or not. The convention sets basic standards for children that should all be respected by the relevant government. Within this document there are fifty four articles summarising and clarifying these rights. These articles cover a range of topics, for example, Article 14: this is regarding a child’s right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, Article 27: this outlines the right for every child to have an adequate standard of living which enables their physical, mental, moral, spiritual and social development, and Article 28: this states the right of the child to education, ensuring equal opportunities and access to education for all children (UNCRC, 1989). One convention regarding all with SEN is The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. This document outlines the importance for people with SEN to be treated as equals and to benefit from their human rights, as a person without SEN would. Article 24 covers the subject of education. This reiterates the right of people with SEN to education, and to be able to achieve this right without discrimination. It also states that governments should ensure an inclusive education system (Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2008). All of the above pieces of legislation and documentation are put in place to ensure a safe and healthy environment for those with SEN, and to ensure equal opportunities for all regarding all aspects of their life, whether it’s their education or having the chance to have your own views listened to. For the practitioners working with children, inclusive practice should be something they take their time to ensure is in place in their setting. The term inclusion has taken the place of integration, and is promoted or required within legislation in all EU countries (Evans Lunt, 2002). There are two models that outline the ways society view disabilities, these are the medical model of disability and the social model of disability. The medical model of disability sees disability as a problem that needs to be fixed or cured. This model depicts a negative image of disability because the emphasis is placed on the disability and not the individual needs of the child. On the other hand, the social model of disability empowers people with disabilities by recognising they have an equal right to be included within every part of society (Disabled world, 2010). This model highlights that it’s ‘the collective responsibility of society to make the environmental modifications necessary for the full participation of people with disabilities in all areas of social life’ (Disabled world, 2010). Rosenthal (2001, p385) writes that ‘inclusion is a process, not a fixed state. By inclusion we mean not only that pupils with SEN should wherever possible receive their education in a mainstream school, but that they should fully join with their peers in the curriculum and life of the school’. When Ofsted inspect a school, they look for educational inclusion. This entails a school having teaching and learning, triumphs, viewpoints and the well being of every child counting. This inclusive experience is expected with a wide range of groups of people, including those with SEN (Birnbaum, 2010). To ensure inclusion within a setting, practitioners must ensure all staff show respect for each child by treating them as an individual and taking note of their particular needs. When showing respect, and listening to the child, the likes and dislikes of the child should be acknowledged and taken on board when planning for that child. The practitioner’s ability to adapt the learning environment will help to empower the child. When adjusting practice it is important to remember the child’s preferences, appropriateness of the topic and how these are developed, to help their confidence and self-esteem to grow (Lodato Wilson, 2005). Westwood (2007, p.83) writes about three different circumstances needed to encourage and accommodate children with SEN and their interactions with others. These are, ‘the general attitude of the teacher and the peer group towards children with SEN must be as positive and accepting as possible, the environment should be arranged so that the child with a disability has the maximum opportunity to spend time socially involved in group or pair activities, during recess and during academic work in the classroom and the child needs to be taught the specific skills that may enhance social contact with peers’. An inclusive practice is an important part of education for all involved, and it begins with the practitioners, they must have a positive attitude towards SEN which should then be reflected within their setting. It is also fundamental for practitioners to highlight how they strive to promote inclusive practice with all parents, staff and professionals they may be working in partnership with. Within the Special Educational Needs (SEN) Code of Practice there is a chapter that highlights the importance of parents working in partnership with practitioners. It emphasises the role parents play in their child’s education, and their involvement making decisions regarding their child, and what would be best for them (Green, 2003). Green (2003, p305) also writes, ‘if early years staff do not communicate with, ask questions of, and receive relevant information from, children’s parents, they will not be fully prepared to respond to children’s individual needs, identify potential points of crisis for them, or have the awareness to help them to cope with new or worrying situations’. As well as practitioners ensuring they have regular contact with parents, it is vital they make themselves approachable to parents. This will encourage the parent to communicate with the practitioner, and give them the confidence to do so. When working with children with additional needs, there may be a number of other professionals also involved with that child. There could be a physiotherapist, who may provide physical healing methods for a range of injuries or illnesses, the family may also be given some exercises to further the treatment (Behrens, 2013). A speech and language therapist could be required to carry out an assessment to identify any communication difficulty, to measure the degree of difficulty, to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the child, and to set some targets to work towards which would be discussed with the parents, and possibly other professionals (Wright, 1993). The child may visit a paediatrician at a local hospital, often referred by a GP (general practitioner). The paediatrician will speak with the parents and the child, where possible, and carry out necessary observations and assessments to gather all of the information needed to decipher the best possible actions for the child, an d make any further referrals if needed (Miall, Rudolf and Smith, 2012). It is important for practitioners to be aware of children having involvement with other professionals, and ensuring communication between the services is effective. Within all childcare settings a SENCo (Special Educational Needs Co-ordinator) must be in place. The SENCo role may differ slightly from setting to setting (Crowne, 2003). However, the SEN Code of Practice (DfE, 2001) highlighted some key responsibilities for the SENCo. They are: ‘ensuring liaison with parents and other professionals in respect of children with special educational needs, advising and supporting other practitioners in the setting, ensuring that appropriate Individual Educational Plans are in place and ensuring that relevant background information about individual children with special educational needs is collected, recorded and updated’. All practitioners should ensure the appropriate adaptations are carried out within their setting. Adaptations should be made in the environment, with the resources in use, and practitioners need to adapt their practice if needed, and display a positive attitude towards each child and their inclusion within the setting. Adjustments to the environment could include installing ramps or lifts, ensuring doors are wide enough for wheelchair access, varying toilet heights to facilitate all children, and table and seat height is adequate for all (Klein, Cook Richardson-Gibbs, 2001). The immediate nursery environment should also be adapted where necessary, ‘adapting the environment to suit their individual needs will help their progress’ (Beaver et al., 2001, p63). Reasonable adjustments should also be made with the resources within the setting. This could be ensuring that all activities are set up at a level that can be accessed by all children. Each practitioner also needs to consider that they know the strengths and areas of need for all children in their care, all activities should therefore further the strengths of children with additional needs, but are also challenging and able to enhance all of the children (Deiner, 2010). Another area for adjustment could also be the attitudes and perspective of the practitioners themselves, and although the activities and environment are important factors that should always be considered, each practitioner is a role model and their ‘behaviour toward children- acceptance, consideration and respect- speaks louder to the class than anything you deliberately set out to teach’ (Deiner, 2010, p.2). In conclusion, there are several entitlements and rights of children with SEN that must be met by the practitioners and professionals that care for them. These entitlements are highlighted within a number of legal documents and pieces of legislation. A key requirement within some of these documents is the definitive access to an inclusive education that will meet each individual child’s needs, including making reasonable adjustments and adaptations if required. Each practitioner should also ensure they cooperate fully with the families and work in partnership with them to deliver the highest quality childcare they possibly can. Reference List Beaver, M., Brewster, J., Jones, P., Keene, A., Neaum, S. Tallack, J. (2001) Babies and Young Children: Diploma in Child Care and Education. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes Ltd. Behrens, M. S. (2013) What is Physiotherapy? USA: Gilkie Publishing. Birnbaum, R. (2010) Choosing a School for a Child with Special Needs. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2008) Online. Available at: http://www.un.org/disabilities/convention/conventionfull.shtml (Accessed 21 October 2013). Crowne, E. (2003) Developing Inclusive Practice: The SENCO’s Role in Managing Change. Abingdon: David Fulton Publishers. Deiner, P. (2010) Inclusive Early Childhood Education: Development, Resources, and Practice. 5th edn. Belmont: Wadsworth, CENGAGE Learning. DfE (Department for Education) (2001) SEN Code of Practice. Online. Available at: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130401151715/https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/DfES%200581%20200mig2228.pdf (Accessed 7 January 2014). Disabled world (2010) Definitions of the Models of Disability. Online. Available at: http://www.disabled-world.com/definitions/disability-models.php (Accessed 27 November 2013). Equality Law (no date) Promoting Equality, Preventing Discrimination. Online. Available at: http://www.equality-law.co.uk/news/106/66/Types-of-discrimination-definitions/ (Accessed 16 October 2013). Evans, J. Lunt, I. (2002) ‘Inclusive education: are there limits?’, European Journal of Special Needs Education, 17 (1), pp.1-14. Gibson, S. Blandford, S. (2005) Managing Special Educational Needs. London: Paul Chapman Publishing. Green, S. (2003) BTEC First Early Years, 2nd edn. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes Ltd. Klein, M.D., Cook, R.E. Richardson-Gibbs, A.M. (2001) Strategies for Including Children with Special Needs in Early Childhood Settings. Albany: Delmar, Thomson Learning. Lodato Wilson, G. (2005) ‘Promoting competency, independence, and self-advocacy’, in Schwartz, D. (eds) Including children with special needs. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, pp. 257-270. Miall, L., Rudolf, M. Smith D. (2012) Paediatrics at a Glance, 3rd edn. West Sussex: John Wiley Sons Ltd. Rosenthal, H. (2001) ‘Discussion paper- Working Towards Inclusion: â€Å"I am another other†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, Educational Psychology in Practice, 17(4), pp.385-392. UNCRC (The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child) (1989) Online. Available at: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CRC.aspx (Accessed 21 October 2013). Westwood, P. (2007) Commonsense methods for children with special educational needs, 5th edn. Oxon: Routledge. Wright, J.A. (1993) ‘Assessment of Children with Special Needs’, in Beech, J.R., Harding, L. Hilton-Jones, D. (eds) Assessment in Speech and Language Therapy. London: Routledge, pp. 128-148.

History of aspirin :: essays research papers fc

History Of Aspirin   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aspirin is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world.. For centuries people throughout the world. Aspirin was discovered about 3500 years ago.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A collection of 877 medicinal recipes, The Ebers papyrus, before Christ, from the middle of the second millennium had been bought during the last century from an Egyptian street vendor by Georg Ebers, a German Egyptologist Georg. He recommended an infusion of dried myrtle leaves for rheumatic and back pain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  More than a thousand years later the father of all doctors, Hippocrates of Kos, prescribed a juice extracted from the bark of the willow tree for labor pains and also for fever and pain. The active substance in this juice, which does in fact ease pain, is what we know today as salicylic acid. Being derived from the Latin word for willow, its name gives a clue as to its origin : Salix. It is now known that it is precisely salicylic acid that is contained in the myrtle leaves which the Egyptians used to treat and relieve pain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Advantages of Aspirin   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aspirin helps relieve pain from headaches and arthritis, and reduces fever from infections. It also reduces inflammation due to illness or injury. The drug interferes with blood clotting, and thus it is useful in preventing heart attacks, strokes, and other disorders that involve blood clots.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Disadvantages/Hazards of Aspirin   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aspirin is a relatively safe drug when taken as recommended. But it can be irritating to the stomach lining and cause some stomach bleeding. A few people, are allergic to aspirin and can become very sick if they take it. Aspirin should not be given to children with chicken pox or influenza. Reyes Syndrome is a serious condition that can be caused if used during the conditions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Related Careers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  - Dispensing Facilities - Retail Outlets - Institutions - Manufacturing - Pharmacy Technicians Recruiting Firms - Research and Academia - Temporary Placement Firms - Wholesalers/Distributors   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Environmental Issues   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  EPA findings concluded that groundwater and soil at the site are contaminated with pharmaceuticals. Also, the EPA concluded that people who drink or come in contact with the water from the wells tapping the aquifer may be at risk. The company is required to complete immediate cleanup which includes installation of replacement wells, 22 groundwater monitoring wells and a fiberglass reinforced concrete pad around the tank area to prevent rainwater from seeping into the ground. In addition, vacuum extraction wells will be employed to withdraw carbon tetrachloride from the soil.

Philosophy of life Essay

The meaning of life, defined by Victor E. Frankl, is the will to find your meaning in life. It is not the meaning of life in general, but rather the specific meaning of a person’s life at a given moment. He believes that if you are approached with the question of â€Å"what is the meaning of my life† or in this case, â€Å"life is meaningless,† then you should reverse the question to that person asking the question. For example: What are you bringing to me? What are you as an individual contributing to this life? This forces the person in question to take a look at themselves and to ultimately be responsible. Frankl says that if you are a responsible member of society than the meaning of life transcends from yourself rather from your own psyche. He also says that if we for some reason cannot find meaning within ourselves it has to be from some outside source. This is referred to as service. And an example of this is love. Victor Frankl describes three ways in which we can discover the meaning of life; Creating work-doing a deed, experiencing something-someone, and by the attitude we take toward unavoidable suffering. There are several reasons why a person could be feeling that their life is meaningless or has no meaning. According to Victor Frankl these reasons could be existential frustration, existential vacuum, and the meaning of suffering. Frankl breaks down the meaning of existential frustration as so, it can be referred to as existence itself ? the specifically mode of being, the meaning of existence, and striving to find concrete meaning in personal existence, which is the will to meaning. Existence itself, in simpler terms is just existing and the human mode itself. The meaning of existence is the question in which we often ask ourselves; Why are we here? When we strive to find concrete meaning in personal existence, we are looking for the personal meaning for existence. Basically what Frankl is saying is that when we are dealing wit the existential frustration we are looking for given meaning that isn’t there. (There is no meaning). On the other hand there is the existential vacuum, which is when you cannot find meaning in your life. Frankl says that the existential vacuum manifests itself mainly in the state of boredom. It’s when you feel that you have no structure in your life, no one telling you what to do, your not learning anything, and basically your not doing anything with your life. Because of this you’re going to become a conformist or a totalitarian, which is either doing what everyone else does or doing what people tell you to do. You’re not thinking for yourself. You’re also going to become bored. In the state of boredom the person can start to see life as meaningless, esp. the person questioning the meaning of their life. They start to question themselves and wonder what their purpose and meaning of their life is. This boredom can be a result of condition called Sunday Neurosis. Sunday Neurosis takes place when a person has worked hard all week long or for many days on end. (We know this as a result of tension; it’s what drives us and keeps us going. It promotes meaning and gives us goals. It is not the same as stress, because stress is an overabundance of tension. ) Then a day comes along when you have nothing planned, nothing going on and you don’t know what to do with yourself. Therefore boredom results and when there is boredom there is no meaning. And when there is no meaning we fill that emptiness with negative things, like money, power, and pleasure, basically we get into trouble. The meaning of suffering is another reason why a person might be questioning the meaning of their life. Frankl says that one of the basic aspects of logotherapy that mans main concern is not to gain pleasure or to avoid pain, but to see the meaning of his life. This is why man is willing to suffer in order to find a meaning for his life. But he also says that suffering is not necessary to find meaning in life. Although suffering is inevitably unavoidable, and if it was it would be meaningful to remove it, because it wouldn’t make much sense not to do so. Another aspect about suffering is that it stops being suffering the moment we find meaning in it. Now that possible reasons for why a person may be feeling that their life has no meaning has been addressed, here are some possible solutions that Frankl might suggest. Once the person has discovered why their life is meaningless they need to rediscover their meaning that they lost. They could ask themselves a question like, what was I born with and what is the greater meaning in that? Because it is believed that you’re born with a meaning that every single person on this Earth is born with a meaning. Life doesn’t owe you anything. Basically you’re the responsible one for all the stuff you put out into the world during your life. Another thing that he might talk about is what the person does everyday. If they aren’t doing anything with their life he might suggest them getting involved with something to help create tension. Since tension drives us and pushes us to reach our goals, it helps give us meaning. Frankl also sees responsible-ness as the essence of human existence. He says that everyman has a specific, unique job in life that he is too fulfill an that no one else can do this or replace this one person in the same way. â€Å"As each situation in life represents a challenge to man and presents a problem for him to solve, the question of the meaning of life may actually be reversed. Each man is questioned by life and he can only answer to life by answering for his own life; he can only respond be being responsible. † Frankl also says, † Live as if were living already for the second time, and as if you had acted the first time as wrongly as you were about to act now! † If it was me taking this person, sitting them down, after analyzing what could have caused this sense of unmeaning in their life, I would look at the options of how to find meaning. I agree with Frankl when he talks about meaning as tension and responsibility. I also agree with him when he discusses his views on how everyone is born with meaning and that everyone has a set occupation or vocation on life. I believe that everyone is unique in his or her own way. Therefore why should everyone’s lives be the same and have the same meaning. They don’t. We are born with meaning and we have to find that meaning through our actions and our drive to live life and our interactions with the people and the things around us. Usually when I am presented with material in school I tend to form my opinion by looking at both sides if an issue, because there are usually two sides to every story. But by looking at Frankl and examining what he has to say about the meaning of life, suffering, love, frustration, boredom, tension, etc, I have rally gained a lot of knowledge that almost is common sense. If you sit and take the time to read the material through thoroughly you can see exactly where he is coming from. He’ll take a difficult situation, such as suffering, and turn it completely around. As far as suffering goes I try to do the same thing, in a way. When Mark Felice died last October it crushed me. But I tried to look at the positive side and say well, his suffering is over and he was here to teach us how to live to be stronger and better people. Through our suffering, over the loss of his life, we ended his suffering. This is kind of what Frankl does, he turns things around and makes you view things from a different perspective. I like his way of thinking because it’s not always something that I would think of off the top of my head. Overall, I enjoyed the book although it was difficult at times to read, but I think I gained knowledge from it and see different ways to look at things now.

Free Essays on States Of Consciousness

States of Consciousness We all go through different states of consciousness every day of our lives. These states include being wide awake (162), being asleep (165), and for some of us, even altered states of consciousness (176). There are also many states of consciousness in-between each of these. Being â€Å"awake† is when we are at our full state of awareness. This is the part of consciousness that we spend most of our time in. This is considered the highest state of consciousness because it is the one that we compare all of our other states to. During awake-time though, we may enter other stages of consciousness, such as daydreaming (162), divided consciousness (162-3), or the unconscious mind (163). During all of these stages we are still awake, but our brain is working on a less â€Å"aware† level. Daydreaming (162) is when we think, feel, or imagine something that is not necessarily logical or likely to happen. I personally catch myself daydreaming a lot during school or work. I find that when I do not want to focus on the topic at hand, I tend to let my brain take me somewhere else in a daydream. Psychologists have proved that daydreams are probably a distorted reflection of our emotions and concerns. Divided consciousness (162-3) happens quite often during awake-time. You may not realize that your brain is two places at once. This happens to me quite often during my commute to and from school. I often forget most of the drive because I have been concentrating on other thoughts, such as pageants, Christmas gifts, or my dog. This is quite common, although somewhat alarming, because in my case, I was driving at around 50 mph and I don’t even remember it! The unconscious mind (163) is actually a concept that many professional psychologists dismissed in the past. Now, however, the unconscious mind is playing an important role in the study of consciousness and science. The unconscious mind is when a pe... Free Essays on States Of Consciousness Free Essays on States Of Consciousness States of Consciousness We all go through different states of consciousness every day of our lives. These states include being wide awake (162), being asleep (165), and for some of us, even altered states of consciousness (176). There are also many states of consciousness in-between each of these. Being â€Å"awake† is when we are at our full state of awareness. This is the part of consciousness that we spend most of our time in. This is considered the highest state of consciousness because it is the one that we compare all of our other states to. During awake-time though, we may enter other stages of consciousness, such as daydreaming (162), divided consciousness (162-3), or the unconscious mind (163). During all of these stages we are still awake, but our brain is working on a less â€Å"aware† level. Daydreaming (162) is when we think, feel, or imagine something that is not necessarily logical or likely to happen. I personally catch myself daydreaming a lot during school or work. I find that when I do not want to focus on the topic at hand, I tend to let my brain take me somewhere else in a daydream. Psychologists have proved that daydreams are probably a distorted reflection of our emotions and concerns. Divided consciousness (162-3) happens quite often during awake-time. You may not realize that your brain is two places at once. This happens to me quite often during my commute to and from school. I often forget most of the drive because I have been concentrating on other thoughts, such as pageants, Christmas gifts, or my dog. This is quite common, although somewhat alarming, because in my case, I was driving at around 50 mph and I don’t even remember it! The unconscious mind (163) is actually a concept that many professional psychologists dismissed in the past. Now, however, the unconscious mind is playing an important role in the study of consciousness and science. The unconscious mind is when a pe...

Who Has Control Over Your Child Essays - Dispute Resolution

Who Has Control Over Your Child Essays - Dispute Resolution Who Has Control Over Your Child Who Has Control Over Your Child? If you turn on the television at around seven-o clock at night, you will see plenty of violent shows. This violence on television affects the behavior of children, causing their play to become more aggressive. American parents do not exercise enough control over their child's television viewing habits, often using the television as a sort of electronic baby-sitter. Violence is everywhere in the world of entertainment. Most of the movies in the theaters contain at least a little bit of violence. Even the popular Star Wars series contains violent content, such as murder, torture, and dismemberment. Television cartoons also contain violence, such as Wyle E. Coyote getting run over by a truck and getting up unhurt, that affects the way children behave. When I was a child, my siblings and I watched about five to six of hours of television per week, but from the beginning, our parents explained to us the difference between reality and fantasy. We knew the real world was not the same as what we saw on television and at the movies. In contrast, my cousins now watch about an average of ten hours of television per week and their parents have not quite explained this concept to them very well. They have not quite grasped the concept of reality versus fantasy. I have four young cousins. Their ages are twelve, ten, eight, and seven years old. During the day, the two younger ones watch several hours of television. When the two older ones come home from school, they immediately park themselves in front of the television for the next two hours. Their younger brothers always join them. My cousins usually watch cartons that have fighting scenes. Sometimes they try to mimic what they see. So, they start fighting. At first, it is playful, after a while, the fighting gets a little more serious. At this point, I usually hear one of my cousins crying because someone hit him too hard. This happens almost every day. Their parents do not seem to notice what effect these television shows have on their sons. My four young cousins think that violence is the answer to all problems. For example, if they do not get what they want from another sibling, they sometimes hit or threaten to hit that sibling. They think that if they resort to violence, they will always get their way. I know of several solutions that will help parents control what and how much their child watches. First of all, they have to talk with their child about what the difference between reality and fantasy is. Understanding a childs grasp of reality versus fantasy will help parents decide what shows he or she is mature enough to watch. Secondly, there are other activities that a child should participate in besides watching television. For example, parents should encourage them to take up new hobbies to occupy their afternoons after they finish their homework. Children should also be encouraged to do more reading instead of watching television at night. Reading helps to expand a childs vocabulary and will help them do better in school. Thirdly, parents should buy a television that has a v-chip installed into it. By around the year 2000, most television will have this as a part of its standard feature. The v-chip locks out certain channels or shows that contains violence. Only parents can u nlock this function by entering a special code. Some parents might argue that they would not have time to monitor their childs viewing habits because they work all day. Another argument might be that they do not have enough money to buy a television that has a v-chip installed in it. Another parent might argue about their child going over to their friends house to watch something that they are not allowed to watch at home. How can they keep their child from doing this? If I were a parent, I would be concerned about my childs future. If a child is aggressive as a child they will mostly be very aggressive as an adult. This is one reason why so many crimes are committed. Secondly, ever adult has

The effects of raising the minimum wage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

The effects of raising the minimum wage - Essay Example The minimum wage increases compress the wages distribution. Firms respond to these higher labor costs by reducing employment, reducing profits, or raising prices. [1] European Employment and Industrial Relations Glossaries. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions [2] History of the National Minimum Wage. Employment Matters. United Kingdom Department of Trade and Industry Raising the minimum wages increases the cost of government social programs due to assistance programs aiding the laid-off workers. Some also argue that higher minimum wages reduce teenage education levels and decrease workers' long-term earnings. They contradict the benefits of raising the minimum wages and argue that the minimum wage does not reduce poverty and also slows economic growth of the country. Minimum wage increases lead to widespread unemployment, and such an intuitive argument, that society would have to be a pretty bizarre place not to abandon the wrongheaded policy altogether. For those low-wage earners who are members of poor families, will experience severe effects that an increase in the minimum wage will have. Increase in minimum wages will reduces demand for workers through a reduction in the number of jobs. Also it will affect the profit margins of business owners employing minimum wage workers. By raising unemployment and eliminating entry-level jobs, minimum wage hikes also eliminate opportunities for workers to gain valuable experience and skills that prepare them for... The minimum wage has become a hot topic. The arguments for and against a higher minimum wage boil down to whether the Country’s economy should follow a low-road/low-wage or high- road/high-wage growth path. A low-road strategy involves developing an economy based on mass production, with large numbers of workers hired for low-skill jobs at low wages. A high-road strategy involves developing an information-based economy, which would require a flexible workforce with a high level of skills; such workers would, of course, command higher wages. Legislating an increase in the minimum wage would contribute to accomplishing this task. From the social conscious movement, which has been sweeping the newer generations, it is viewed that a higher minimum wage is needed to keep the lower classes living at a comfortable level. Raising the minimum wage is not simply a magic tool to increasing the condition of living for the lower classes in a country; it actually works against that as it br ings down the condition of living even further for those who become unemployed. The free market is a beautiful thing, which balances itself out and rewards each participant with that which they input.

Osha Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Osha - Assignment Example It is also charged with the provision of training, relevant education, outreach, and assistance to the work force. All employers, as well as their employees, are covered with the OSHA Act. This coverage may be directly as enshrined in the federal OSHA or through a state program approved by OSHA. Any program rolled out by the state is required to be up to par with the standards stipulated by the federal OSHA in as far health and workplace safety is concerned. The OSHA website stipulates that any individual or groups that represent employees or even the employees they are in a position to lodge a complaint that calls for an inspection by OSHA of their areas of work if they have sufficient reasons to believe that such areas pose great health or safety hazards to them. It also gives directions on how such a complaint may be filed. The OSHA website also has additional information such as their contact information, various statistics and data regarding safety in the workplace, their cooperative programs, their schedule of event, types of hazards as well as the various rights any worker is

Major assignment (fa) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 12500 words

Major assignment (fa) - Research Paper Example t economic development growths of different regions, the news that Ireland will be the fastest growing economy in the European Union spurred my interest to look out for the surrounding facts that brought this growth. Several authors have published articles about economic growth of Ireland; prediction of growth for instance (RTE News, Nov. 2014). However, much that has been written about Ireland’s growth was focused on economy, but there is not a great deal of discussions on other important sources of growth. The goal of this paper is to bring together in this research the overall transitional developments of this country, from the past, modern, and up to present civilization. This research therefore focuses on collaborating facts that figured out this robust growth. . To achieve this goal, this article is organized into five sections. The first section, provides the Geography that consists of Ireland’s Absolute & Relative Location, Size (metric), Hydrological Features, Orographic Features, Climatic Features, Flora & Fauna, Population, etc. The second section talks about important historical developments of the country, and on the next, the political system is discussed. Third subsection discusses the country’s economy and fourth subsection deals with the culture and tourism. Final section is devoted to the author’s views and comments. Ireland is situated in Western Europe, occupying five-sixth of the island of Ireland in the North Atlantic Ocean, West of Great Britain. (See Appendix 1 for map). Its Geographic coordinates is: 53’00 N 8:00 W. It takes up an area of 70,723 sq. km. divided into 68,883 sq. km. of land and 1,390 sq. km. of water. Country boundary is UK 360 km. Ireland ranks as the 120th largest country in world ranking, and only slightly smaller than West Virginia. Ireland has a coastline of 1,448 km. (CIA World Facts). It has a territorial sea of 12 nautical miles (nm). In 2013, Ireland has a registered exclusive fishing

International Journal of Accounting and Financial Essay Example for Free

International Journal of Accounting and Financial Essay ABSTRACT The role of Indian mutual fund industry as significant financial service in financial market has really been noteworthy. In fact, the mutual fund industry has emerged as an important segment of financial market of India, especially in channelizing the savings of millions of individuals into the investment in equity and debt instruments. Mutual funds are seemingly the easiest and the least stressful way to invest in the stock market. Quiet a large amount of money has been invested in mutual funds during the past few years. Any investor would like to invest in a reputed Mutual Fund organization. Mutual funds are financial intermediaries concerned with mobilizing savings of those who have surplus and the canalization of these savings in those avenues where there is a demand for funds. These intermediaries employ their resources in such a manner as to provide combined benefits of low risk, steady return, high liquidity and capital appreciation through diversification and expert management. Reforms in the  Indian economic system and the opening up of the economy have been the reasons for the tremendous growth in the Indian capital market. This study analyzes the impact of different demographic variables on the attitude of investors towards mutual funds. Apart from this, it also focuses on the benefits delivered by mutual funds to investors. To this end, 200 respondents of Solapur City, having different demographic profiles were surveyed. The study reveals that the majority of investors have still not formed any attitude towards mutual fund investments. KEYWORDS: Mutual Fund, Investors, Solapur City INTRODUCTION Mutual fund is a pool of money collected from investors and is invested according to certain investment options. A mutual fund is a trust that pools the saving of a no. of investors who share a common financial goal. A mutual fund is created when investors put their money together. It is, therefore, a pool of investor’s fund. The money thus collected is then invested in capital market instruments such as shares, debentures and other securities. The income earned through these investments and the capital appreciations realized are shared by its unit holders in proportion to the no. of units owned by them. The most important characteristics of a fund are that the contributors and the beneficiaries of the fund are the same class of people namely the investors. The term mutual fund means the investors contribute to the pool and also benefit from the pool. The pool of funds held mutually by investors is the mutual fund. A mutual fund business is to invest the funds thus collected according to the wishes of the investors who created the pool. Usually the investor’s appoint professional investment managers create a product and offer it for investment to the investors. This project represents a share in the pool and pre status investment  Pritam P. Kothari Shivganga C. Mindargi  objectives. Thus, a mutual fund is the most suitable investment for a common man as it offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified, professionally managed basket of securities at relatively low cost. EVOLUTION OF INDIAN MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY The formation of Unit Trust of India marked the evolution of the Indian mutual fund industry in the year 1963. The primary objective at that time was to attract the small investors and it was made possible through the collective efforts of the Government of India and the Reserve Bank of India. The history of mutual fund industry in India can be better understood divided into following phases: Establishment and Growth of Unit Trust of India 1964-87 Unit Trust of India enjoyed complete monopoly when it was established in the year 1963 by an act of Parliament. UTI was set up by the Reserve Bank of India and it continued to operate under the regulatory control of the RBI until the two were de-linked in 1978 and the entire control was transferred in the hands of Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI). UTI launched its first scheme in 1964, named as Unit Scheme 1964 (US-64), which attracted the largest number of investors in any single investment scheme over the years. UTI launched more innovative schemes in 1970s and 80s to suit the needs of different investors. It launched ULIP in 1971, six more schemes between 1981-84, Childrens Gift Growth Fund and India Fund (Indias first offshore fund) in 1986, Mastershare (Inidas first equity diversified scheme) in 1987 and Monthly Income Schemes (offering assured returns) during 1990s. By the end of 1987, UTIs assets under management grew ten times to Rs 6700 crores. Entry of Public Sector Funds 1987-1993 The Indian mutual fund industry witnessed a number of public sector players entering the market in the year 1987. In November 1987, SBI Mutual Fund from the State Bank of India became the first non-UTI mutual fund in India. SBI Mutual Fund was later followed by Canbank Mutual Fund, LIC Mutual Fund, Indian Bank Mutual Fund, Bank of India Mutual Fund, GIC Mutual Fund and PNB Mutual Fund. By 1993, the assets under management of the industry increased seven times to Rs. 47,004 crores. However, UTI remained to be the leader with about 80% market share. 1992-93 UTI Public Sector Total Amount Mobilised 11,057 1,964 13,021 Assets Under Management 38,247 8,757 47,004 Mobilisation as % of Gross Domestic Savings 5.20% 0.90% 6.10% Emergence of Private Secor Funds 1993-96 The permission given to private sector funds including foreign fund management companies (most of them entering through joint ventures with Indian promoters) to enter the mutal fund industry in 1993, provided a wide range of choice to investors and more competition in the industry. Private funds introduced innovative products, investment techniques and investor-servicing technology. By 1994-95, about 11 private sector funds had launched their schemes. Growth and SEBI Regulation 1996-2004 The mutual fund industry witnessed robust growth and stricter regulation from the SEBI after the year 1996. The mobilization of funds and the number of players operating in the industry reached new heights as investors started showing more interest in mutual funds. A Study of Investors Attitude towards Mutual Fund with Special Reference to Inversotrs in Solapur City Investors interests were safeguarded by SEBI and the Government offered tax benefits to the investors in order to encourage them. SEBI (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996 was introduced by SEBI that set uniform standards for all mutual funds in India. The Union Budget in 1999 exempted all dividend incomes in the hands of investors from income tax. Various Investor Awareness Programmes were launched during this phase, both by SEBI and AMFI, with an objective to educate investors and make them informed about the mutual fund industry. Growth and Consolidation 2004 Onwards The industry has also witnessed several mergers and acquisitions recently, examples of which are acquisition of schemes of Alliance Mutual Fund by Birla Sun Life, Sun FC Mutual Fund and PNB Mutual Fund by Principal Mutual Fund. Simultaneously, more international mutual fund players have entered India like Fidelity, Franklin Templeton Mutual Fund etc. There were 29 funds as at the end of March 2006. This is a continuing phase of growth of the industry through consolidation and entry of new international and private sector players. Indian mutual fund industry reached Rs 1,50,537 crore by March 2004. It is estimated that by 2010 March-end, the total assets of all scheduled commercial banks should be Rs 40,90,000 crore. The annual composite rate of growth is expected 13.4% during the rest of the decade. In the last 5 years there is an annual growth rate of 9%. According to the current growth rate, by year 2010, Mutual fund  India assets will be double FEATURES THOSE INVESTORS LIKE IN MUTUAL FUND If mutual funds are emerging as the favorite investment vehicle it is because of the many advantages. They have over other forms and avenues of investing parties for the investors who has limited resources available in terms of Capital and ability to carry out detailed reserves and market monitoring. These are the major advantages offered by mutual fund to all investors: Professional Management Mutual Funds provide the services of experienced and skilled professionals, backed by a dedicated investment research team that analyses the performance and prospects of companies and selects suitable investments to achieve the objectives of the scheme. Diversification Mutual Funds invest in a number of companies across a broad cross-section of industries and sectors. This diversification reduces the risk because seldom do all stocks decline at the same time and in the same proportion. You achieve this diversification through a Mutual Fund with far less money than you can do on your own. Convenient Administration Investing in a Mutual Fund reduces paperwork and helps you avoid many problems such as bad deliveries, delayed payments and follow up with brokers and companies. Mutual Funds save your time and make investing easy and convenient. Return Potential Over a medium to long-term, Mutual Funds have the potential to provide a higher return as they invest in a diversified basket of selected securities. Pritam P. Kothari Shivganga C. Mindargi Low Costs Mutual Funds are a relatively less expensive way to invest compared to directly investing in the capital markets because the benefits of scale in brokerage, custodial and other fees translate into lower costs for investors Liquidity In open-end schemes, the investor gets the money back promptly at net asset value related prices from the Mutual Fund. In closed-end schemes, the units can be sold on a stock exchange at the prevailing market price or the investor can avail of the facility of direct repurchase at NAV related prices by the Mutual Fund Transparency You get regular information on the value of your investment in addition to disclosure on the specific investments made by your scheme, the proportion invested in each class of assets and the fund managers investment strategy and outlook Flexibility Through features such as regular investment plans, regular withdrawal plans and dividend reinvestment plans, you can systematically invest or withdraw funds according to your needs and convenience Affordability Investors individually may lack sufficient funds to invest in high-grade stocks. A mutual fund because of its large corpus allows even a small investor to take the benefit of its investment strategy. Well Regulated All Mutual Funds are registered with SEBI and they function within the provisions of strict regulations designed to protect the interests of investors. The operations of Mutual Funds are regularly monitored by SEBI. DISADVANTAGES OF MUTUAL FUNDS Above I have mentioned the various advantages of Mutual Funds but it also suffers from a lot of drawbacks as the market is volatile and it is ever affected by national as well as international factors, these days we can see that crude oil prices in International market has become an important factor  in determining the market movement. Here are some disadvantages as cited by me and by survey: Fluctuating Returns Mutual funds are like many other investments without a guaranteed return: there is always the possibility that the value of your mutual fund will depreciate. Unlike fixed-income products, such as bonds and Treasury bills, mutual funds experience price fluctuations along with the stocks that make up the fund. When deciding on a particular fund to buy, you need to research the risks involved just because a professional manager is looking after the fund, that doesn’t mean the performance will be always good Diversification Although diversification is one of the keys to successful investing, many mutual fund investors tend to over diversify. The idea of diversification is to reduce the risks associated with holding a single security; over diversification (also known as diversification) occurs when investors acquire many funds that are highly related and, as a result, don’t get A Study of Investors Attitude towards Mutual Fund with Special Reference to Inversotrs in Solapur City the risk reducing benefits of diversification. At the other extreme, just because you own mutual funds doesn’t mean you are automatically diversified. For example, a fund that invests only in a particular industry or region is still relatively risky. For example: Sect oral Funds Cash and More Cash As you know already, mutual funds pool money from thousands of investors, so everyday investors are putting money into the fund as well as withdrawing investments. To maintain liquidity and the capacity to accommodate withdrawals, funds typically have to keep a large portion of their portfolios as cash. Having ample cash is great for liquidity, but money  sitting around as cash is not working for you and thus is not very advantageous. Costs Mutual funds provide investors with professional management, but it comes at a cost. Funds will typically have a range of different fees that reduce the overall payout. In mutual funds, the fees are classified into two categories: shareholder fees and annual operating fees. The shareholder fees, in the forms of loads and redemption fees are paid directly by shareholders purchasing or selling the funds. The annual fund operating fees are charged as an annual percentage usually ranging from 1-3%. These fees are assessed to mutual fund investors regardless of the performance of the fund. As you can imagine, in years when the fund doesn’t make money, these fees only magnify losses. Figure 1: Structure of Mutual Fund A mutual is a set up in the form of trust, which has sponsor, trustee, assets management company (AMC) and custodian. Sponsor is the person who acts alone or in combination with another body corporate and establishes a mutual fund. Sponsor must contribute at least 40% of the net worth of the investment managed and meet the eligibility criteria prescribed under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Mutual Funds) regulations, 1996. The sponsor is not responsible or liable for any loss or shortfall resulting from the operation of the schemes beyond the initial contribution made by it towards setting up of Mutual Fund. The Mutual Fund is constituted as a trust in accordance with the provisions of the Indian Trusts Act, 1882 by the Sponsor. Trustee is usually a company (corporate body) or a board of trustees (body of individuals). The main responsibility of the trustee is to safeguard the interest of the unit holders and also ensure that AMC functions in the interest of investors’ and in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Mutual Fund) Regulations 1996 the provisions of the Trust deed and the offer Document of the respective schemes. The AMC is appointed by the Trustees Pritam P. Kothari Shivganga C. Mindargi as the investment Manager of the Mutual Fund. The AMC is required to be approved by SEBI to act as an asset management company of the Mutual Fund. The AMC if so authorized by the Trust Deed appoints the Registrar and Transfer Agent to agent the mutual fund. The registrar processes the application form, redemption requests and dispatches account statements to the unit holders. The Registrar and Transfer agent also handles communications with investors’ and updates investor records. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Lenard et., al. (2003) empirically investigated investor’s attitudes toward mutual funds. The results indicate that the decision to switch funds within a fund family is affected by investor’s attitude towards risk, current asset allocation, investment losses, investment mix, capital base of the fund age, initial fund performance, investment mix, fund and portfolio diversification. The study reported that these factors are crucial to be considered before switching funds regardless of whether they invest in non-employer plans or in both employer and non-employer plans. Bollen (2006) studied the dynamics of investor fund flows in a sample of socially screened equity mutual funds and compared the relation between annual fund flows lagged performance in SR funds to the same relation in a matched sample of conventional funds. The result revealed that the extra-financial SR attribute serves to dampen the rate at which SR investors trade mutual funds. The study noted that the differences between SR funds and their conventional counterparts are robust over time and persist as funds age. The study found that the preferences of SR investors may be represented by conditional multi-attribute utility function (especially when SR funds deliver positive returns). The study remarked that mutual fund companies can expect SR investors to be more loyal than investors in ordinary funds. Walia and Kiran (2009) studied investor’s risk and return perception towards mutual funds. The study examined investors perception towards risk involved in mutual funds, return from mutual funds in comparison to other financial avenues, transparency and disclosure practices. The study investigated  problems of investors encountered with due to unprofessional services of mutual funds. The study found that majority of individual investors doesn’t consider mutual funds as highly risky investment. In fact on a ranking scale it is considered to be on higher side when compared with other financial avenues. The study also reported that significant relationship of interdependence exists between income level of investors and their perception for investment returns from mutual funds investment. Saini et., al. (2011) analyzed investor’s behavior, investors’ opinion and perception relating to various issues like type of mutual fund scheme, its objective, role of financial advisors / brokers, sources of information, deficiencies in the provision of services, investors’ opinion relating to factors that attract them to invest in mutual and challenges before the Indian mutual fund industry etc. The study found that investors seek for liquidity, simplicity in offer documents, online trading, regular updates through SMS and stringent follow up of provisions laid by AMFI. Singh (2012) conducted an empirical study of Indian investors and observed that most of the respondents do not have much awareness about the various function of mutual funds and they are bit confused regarding investment in mutual funds. The study found that some demographic factors like gender, income and level of education have their significant impact over the attitude towards mutual funds. On the contrary age and occupation have not been found influencing the investor’s attitude. The study noticed that return potential and liquidity have been perceived to be most lucrative benefits of investment in mutual funds and the same are followed by flexibility, transparency and affordability. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Mutual funds have their drawbacks and may not be for everyone. No investment is risk free. If the entire stock market declines in value, the value of mutual fund shares will go down as well, no matter how balanced the portfolio. A Study of Investors Attitude towards Mutual Fund with Special Reference to Inversotrs in Solapur City Investors encounter fewer risks when they invest in mutual funds than when they buy and sell stocks on their own. However, anyone who invests through a mutual fund runs the risk of losing money. All funds charge administrative fees to cover their day-to-day expenses. Some funds also charge sales commissions or â€Å"loads† to compensate brokers, financial consultants, or financial planners. When he invests in a mutual fund, they depend on the fund’s manager to make the right decisions regarding the fund’s portfolio. If the invests in Index Funds, they foregoes management risk, because these funds do not employ managers. Though these are the problems in the investment of mutual funds, in the recent days most of the investors preferred to invest their funds on mutual funds. In this background, the research has made an attempt to study the investors’ preference for mutual funds in Solapur City. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY The present study is based upon the results of survey conducted on 200 mutual fund investors. The implications of the study are subject to the limitations of sample size, psychological and emotional characteristics of surveyed population. SCOPE OF THE STUDY This paper provides Future of Mutual Funds industry information as well as awareness level amongst people for Mutual Funds. Also this project report of Mutual Funds gives an outlook to management as to how the mutual funds are performing in the current market situation as a result what may be the future of this industry. This paper on mutual funds is informative the students who want to understand and undertake assignments in the industry. This study also facilitates the general people who can understand the importance and explore the new option for investment in Mutual Funds. Different financial institutions provide services that are both complementary to and competitive with each other. A well built financial system directly contributes to the growth of the country. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This study is descriptive in nature based on survey method. The study aims at finding out the attitude of the investors towards investment in mutual funds in Solapur city. This study was based mainly on primary sources. The primary data was collected from the investors of mutual funds with help of the questionnaire. The secondary data were collected from the books, records and journals. By adopting convenience sampling, 200 respondents were selected for this study. The essential data were collected with the help of questionnaire. The data collected from the period of January 2011 to April 2011. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION Figure: 2 Showing Pattern of Investment Pritam P. Kothari Shivganga C. Mindargi From above figure it is clear that 75% investors are invested in open ended schemes where as 15% invested in closed ended schemes in mutual fund. Figure: 3 Reason for Investment in Mutual Fund From above figure it is clear that and 42% investors say that they invested money in mutual fund for tax assumption. 33% investors say that they invested money in mutual fund for higher returns. 16% investors say that they invested money in mutual fund for value creation in fund. 9% investors say that they invested money in mutual fund for other reason. Figure: 4 Showing the Reason of Investors that not Invested Money in Mutual Fund From above figure is clear that 50% investors say that they not interested to invest money in mutual fund. 33% investors say that they have imperfect knowledge in mutual fund, so they are not invested. 8.5% investors say that they invested in govt. bond. 8.5% investors has other reason so they not invested money in mutual fund. Figure: 5 Showing Type of Investment Investors Should be Preferred A Study of Investors Attitude towards Mutual Fund with Special Reference to Inversotrs in Solapur City From above figure it is clear that investors invest money in fixed deposits. 15 25% investors invest money in gold/real estates. 17% investors invest money in mutual fund. 8% investors invest money in bond/debentures. Remaining 17% investors invest money in shares. Figure: 6 Showing Returns Investor get from their Investment From above figure it is clear that 70% investors are gaining 5-15% returns from their investment. 23% are gaining 15-30% returns from their investment. 5% investors are gaining 30-45% returns from their investment. Remaining only 2% investors is gaining above 45% returns from their investment. Figure: 7 Showing Duration of Investment From above it is clear 80% investors are dealing in short term duration whereas 20% investors are dealing in long term duration. Figure: 8 Showing the Investors Experience in Mutual Fund Pritam P. Kothari Shivganga C. Mindargi From above figure it is clear that 73% investors say that they are having bad experience in mutual fund. 12% investors say that they are having good experience in mutual fund. Remaining 15% investors say that their experience is ok. FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS Findings †¢The trend for investment is changing rapidly besides the traditional pattern of investment and people today they are ready to undertake risk and also bear the volatility of changing mutual fund market scenario. †¢This shows that people with Middle Income Group are more attractive this market and are ready to bear the risk. †¢It is observed that 75% investors have invested open ended schemes that they want higher returns on their investment rather than investing in closed ended schemes in mutual fund. †¢It is observed that 42% investors have invested money for tax assumption.33% investors have invested money for higher returns in their investment.16% investors have invested money for value creation in fund. And remaining 9% investors have invested money for other reason. †¢It is observed that 50% investors have not interested to invest money in mutual fund.33% investors have imperfect knowledge so they not invested money in mutual fund.9% investors find govt. securities bond is better that’s way they not invested money in mutual fund. And remaining 8% investors have other reason so they not invested money in mutual fund. †¢It is observed that more businessmen were inclined towards investing in current account. The ladies were inclined to invest their money in Gold and jewelleries. Service class people and retired class people prefer more saving and fixed deposits People with high income. †¢It is observed that 70% investors have invested to getting returns in the range of 5-15% which shows in short span of time they are getting good returns and more than expectations. †¢It is observed that 80% investors have invested in short term duration which indicates the investors have not ready to invest in long term period due to various risks associated with long term duration of investment. †¢On asking how they get knowledge of mutual fund a large number of them attributed to print media. Even banks today follow the role of the investment advisors. Very few get any information from the e-media or Hence, AMCs must increase the awareness about their product through Electronic media (TVs, Cables, Radios etc.) as well as and should not just constrained itself to the print advertisement those who do not read newspaper. SUGGESTIONS Investor’s Point of View The question that entire customer, irrespective of the age group and financial status, think of is- Are mutual funds are a safe option? What makes them safe? The basis of mutual fund industry’s safety is the way the business is defined and regulation of law. Since the mutual fund invests in the capital market instruments, so proper knowledge is essential. Hence the essential requirement is well informed seller and equally informed buyer who  understands and helped them to understand the product (here we can say the capital market and the money market instruments) is the essential preconditions. A Study of Investors Attitude towards Mutual Fund with Special Reference to Inversotrs in Solapur City Being Prudent Investor One Should †¢Ask one’s agent to give details of different schemes and match the appropriate ones. †¢Go to the company records or the fund house regarding any queries if one is not satisfied by the agents. †¢Investors should always keep an eye on the performance of the scheme and other good schemes as well which are available in the market for the closed comparison. †¢Never invest blindly in the investments before going through the fact sheets, annual reports etc. of the company. Since, according to the Guidelines of SEBI The AMCs are bound to disclose all the relevant data that is necessary for the investment purpose of investors. Company’s (Mutual Fund Companies) Point of View  Following measures can be taken by the company for getting higher investments in the mutual fund schemes: †¢Educate the agents or the salesmen properly so that they can take up the queries of the customer effectively. †¢Set up separate customer care divisions where the customers can anytime pose their query, regarding the scheme or the current NAV etc. These customer care units can work out in accordance with the requirements of the customer and facilitates them to choose the scheme that suits their financial status. †¢Conduct seminars or programs about mutual fund where every information about the product is outlined including the risk factor associated with the different classes of assets. †¢Brokers should reduce the brokerage charges for intra day and delivery based so that the investor can save more amounts to generate extra investment for the investor as well as for the Mutual Fund companies. †¢Mutual Fund companies should try to increase the promotion and advertisement strategies for awareness of Mutual fund in solapur city. CONCLUSIONS The mutual fund industry is growing at a tremendous pace. A large number of plans have come up from different financial resources. With the stock markets oaring the investors are attracted towards these schemes. Only a small segment of the investors still in Mutual Funds and the main source  sources of information still are the financial advisors followed by advertisements in different media. The Indian investors generally invest over period of 2-3 years. Also there is a tendency to invest in fixed deposits due to the security attached to it. In order to excel and make mutual funds a success, companies still need to create awareness and understand the psyche of the Indian customer. REFERENCES Agapova, Anna, 2011, „The Role of Money Market Mutual Funds in Mutual Fund Families , Journal of Applied ‟ 1. Finance, Vol. 21, Issue. 1, pp. 87-102. Agarwal, Vikas; Boyson, Nicole M.; Naik, Narayan Y, 2009, „Hedge Funds for Retail Investors? An Examination of Hedged Mutual Funds , Journal of Financial Quantitative Analysis, Vol. 44, Issue 2, pp. 273-305. ‟ 2. 12 Pritam P. Kothari Shivganga C. Mindargi 3. A. Vennila, R. Nandhagopal(2012) â€Å"Investors’ Preference towards Mutual Funds in Coimbatore City European Journal of Social Sciences ISSN 1450-2267 Vol.29 No.1 (2012), pp. 115-125 4. Binod Kumar Singh (2011) â€Å"A Study on Investors’ Attitude towards Mutual Funds as an Investment Option† JOURNAL OF ASIAN BUSINESS STRATEGY, VOL. 1(2): 8-15 5. Badrinath, S.G Gubellini, S, (2011), „On the characteristics and performance of long-short, market-neutral and bear mutual funds , Journal of Banking Finance, Vol. 35 Issue 7, pp.1762-1776. ‟ 6. Dranikoff L, Koller, T. and Schneider, A, â€Å"Divestiture: Strategy’s Missing Link†, Harvard Business Review, May 2002, 80 (5). 7. Dr.Nishi Sharma (2009) â€Å"Indian Inverstors Perception towards mutual funds† Business Management Dynamics Vol.2, No.2, Aug 2012, pp.01-09 8. Gil-Bazo, Javier; Ruiz Verd, Pablo, 2009, „The Relation between Price and Performance in the Mutual Fund Industry , Journal of Finance, Vol. 64, Issue 5, pp. 2153-2183. ‟ 9. Hansen M and Nohria N, â€Å"What’s your Strategy for Managing Knowledge?† Harvard Business Review, MarchApril, 1999, 77 (2).1 10. Journal of Marketing, 32 (October), 65-68, 1968. 11. Rajeswari, T.R., and V.E. RamaMoorthy, 2001, An Empirical Study on Factors Influencing the Mutual Fund Scheme Selection by Retail Investors . Retrieved on May 2010 http://www.utiicm .com/Cmc/PDFs/ ‟ 2001/rajeswari.pdf. 12. Singh, Chander, 2004, „Performance of mutual funds in India – an empirical evidence , ICFAI journal of applied ‟ finance December, pp. 81-98. 13. Subbash C. Jain, â€Å"Marketing Planning and Strategy†, South Western College Publishing, Sixth Edition, 2000. 14. Singh, B. K. and Jha, A.K. 2009, „An empirical study on awareness acceptability of mutual fund , Regional ‟ Student s Conference, ICWAI, pp. 49-55. ‟ 15. Winer, C. Strategic Thinking: An executive Perspective, Upper Saddle River, Prentice Hall, 2000